Writers and editors should disclose a material financial or personal interest that could affect, or reasonably appear to affect, coverage. These standards apply to individual contributors and organizational newsroom reporting.

Financial interests

Relevant interests can include token or equity holdings, paid advisory roles, employment, gifts, affiliate arrangements and compensation from a subject of coverage. A material interest should be disclosed to the editor before assignment and, where relevant to the reader, on the article. Where disclosure is insufficient, the contributor should step back and another editor should assess the coverage.

Editorial independence

Commercial relationships must not determine factual conclusions or remove justified scrutiny. Contributors should not use nonpublic reporting for personal trading or coordinate coverage to influence an asset price. Promotional claims require attribution and evidence.

Paid material

Identify paid or sponsored content clearly. Company press releases remain separate from independent reporting. Paid promotional links should use the sponsored link relationship. Publication does not endorse a token, exchange or service.

Scope and reporting concerns

This page states the publication’s conflict standards. It does not assert that every contributor has no holdings, and it is not a public register of anyone’s portfolio. Report a missing disclosure through the publication contact page, including the relevant article and evidence. Read our Editorial Guidelines and corrections process.